Italian grammar library
Italian Grammar
A free reference to Italian grammar for English speakers: verb tenses and moods, pronouns, articles, prepositions, adjectives, pronunciation, and the word pairs that trip learners up. Every rule comes with Italian examples and their English translations.
Adjectives & Adverbs
Alphabet & Pronunciation
Articles & Nouns
Confusables
Prepositions
Pronouns
Sentence Structure
Verbs & Tenses
- Imperfetto
- Future Tense
- Passato Prossimo
- Subjunctive
- Conditional
- Past Tense
- Imperative
- Passato Remoto
- Present Tense
- Trapassato Prossimo
- Past Participle
- Present Progressive
- Auxiliary Verbs
- Gerund
- Imperfect Subjunctive
- Infinitive
- Modal Verbs
- Futuro Anteriore
- Past Conditional
- Past Subjunctive
- Pronominal Verbs
- Passive Voice
Italian verb conjugation
Every tense page links to full conjugation tables. Start with the hubs below, or look up a single verb.
- Italian Verb Conjugation: Conjugate any Italian verb in every tense.
- Italian Irregular Verbs: Essere, avere, andare, fare, and the other irregulars.
- Italian Reflexive Verbs: Svegliarsi, chiamarsi, and how the pronouns move.
Frequently asked questions about Italian grammar
- Is Italian grammar hard for English speakers?
- Italian grammar has more forms than English: nouns have gender, adjectives agree, and verbs change for every person. But the system is regular and spelling matches sound almost perfectly, so once you know a pattern it works across hundreds of words. Most learners find the passato prossimo and the subjunctive the hardest parts.
- What is the best order to learn Italian grammar?
- Start with articles and noun gender, then the present tense of essere, avere, and regular -are, -ere, -ire verbs. Next learn the passato prossimo and when to use essere or avere, then the imperfetto and how it differs. Object pronouns, the future, the conditional, and the subjunctive come after that.
- How many tenses does Italian have?
- The indicative mood has eight tenses: presente, passato prossimo, imperfetto, trapassato prossimo, passato remoto, trapassato remoto, futuro semplice, and futuro anteriore. The subjunctive has four, the conditional two, and there is also the imperative. In everyday speech you use about six of them.
- Do I need to learn grammar to speak Italian?
- You need to understand how Italian works, not memorize every chart. Learners pick up grammar fastest through lots of real Italian they can understand, with rules as a reference when a pattern is unclear. These pages explain each rule briefly and then show it in many examples.
- Can I learn Italian on Parrot today?
- Not yet. Parrot teaches Spanish today, and Italian is on the roadmap. This grammar library is free to use now, and you can join the waitlist to hear when the Italian course launches.