Voir Conjugation: All Tenses of the French Verb “voir”

Voir means “to see” — with your eyes, but also in the senses of meeting someone and understanding something. It is among the ten most-used verbs in French and its future stem is one of the least predictable.

At a glance
Infinitivevoir
Englishto see
Verb group3rd group (irregular)
Auxiliaryavoir
Past participlevu
Present participlevoyant

Conjugation tables

Indicatif

Présent (Present)
jevoisI see
tuvoisyou see
il/elle/onvoithe/she sees
nousvoyonswe see
vousvoyezyou see
ils/ellesvoientthey see
Imparfait (Imperfect)
jevoyaisI used to see
tuvoyaisyou used to see
il/elle/onvoyaithe/she used to see
nousvoyionswe used to see
vousvoyiezyou used to see
ils/ellesvoyaientthey used to see
Passé composé (Perfect)
j'ai vuI have seen
tuas vuyou have seen
il/elle/ona vuhe/she has seen
nousavons vuwe have seen
vousavez vuyou have seen
ils/ellesont vuthey have seen
Futur simple (Simple future)
jeverraiI will see
tuverrasyou will see
il/elle/onverrahe/she will see
nousverronswe will see
vousverrezyou will see
ils/ellesverrontthey will see
Plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect)
j'avais vuI had seen
tuavais vuyou had seen
il/elle/onavait vuhe/she had seen
nousavions vuwe had seen
vousaviez vuyou had seen
ils/ellesavaient vuthey had seen
Futur antérieur (Future perfect)
j'aurai vuI will have seen
tuauras vuyou will have seen
il/elle/onaura vuhe/she will have seen
nousaurons vuwe will have seen
vousaurez vuyou will have seen
ils/ellesauront vuthey will have seen

Subjonctif

Subjonctif présent (Subjunctive)
jevoie(that) I see
tuvoies(that) you see
il/elle/onvoie(that) he/she see
nousvoyions(that) we see
vousvoyiez(that) you see
ils/ellesvoient(that) they see
Subjonctif passé (Past subjunctive)
j'aie vu(that) I have seen
tuaies vu(that) you have seen
il/elle/onait vu(that) he/she has seen
nousayons vu(that) we have seen
vousayez vu(that) you have seen
ils/ellesaient vu(that) they have seen

Conditionnel

Conditionnel présent (Conditional)
jeverraisI would see
tuverraisyou would see
il/elle/onverraithe/she would see
nousverrionswe would see
vousverriezyou would see
ils/ellesverraientthey would see
Conditionnel passé (Past conditional)
j'aurais vuI would have seen
tuaurais vuyou would have seen
il/elle/onaurait vuhe/she would have seen
nousaurions vuwe would have seen
vousauriez vuyou would have seen
ils/ellesauraient vuthey would have seen

Impératif

Impératif présent (Imperative)
(tu)voissee
(nous)voyonslet's see
(vous)voyezsee

Formes impersonnelles

Infinitives and participles
Infinitifvoirto see
Participe présentvoyantseeing
Participe passévuseen
Infinitif passéavoir vuto have seen
Participe passé composéayant vuhaving seen

Literary tenses

Passé simple (Simple past)
jevisI saw
tuvisyou saw
il/elle/onvithe/she saw
nousvîmeswe saw
vousvîtesyou saw
ils/ellesvirentthey saw
Passé antérieur (Past anterior)
j'eus vuI had seen
tueus vuyou had seen
il/elle/oneut vuhe/she had seen
nouseûmes vuwe had seen
vouseûtes vuyou had seen
ils/elleseurent vuthey had seen
Subjonctif imparfait (Imperfect subjunctive)
jevisse(that) I saw
tuvisses(that) you saw
il/elle/onvît(that) he/she saw
nousvissions(that) we saw
vousvissiez(that) you saw
ils/ellesvissent(that) they saw
Subjonctif plus-que-parfait (Pluperfect subjunctive)
j'eusse vu(that) I had seen
tueusses vu(that) you had seen
il/elle/oneût vu(that) he/she had seen
nouseussions vu(that) we had seen
vouseussiez vu(that) you had seen
ils/elleseussent vu(that) they had seen

How Voir behaves

Voir works for perception (d'ici on voit la mer), for appointments (je vois le dentiste lundi), and for grasping an idea (ah, je vois). It is also behind on verra, the standard way of postponing a decision, and behind ça se voit, which is how you say it shows. The past participle turns up outside the verb too: vu que means seeing that, and bien vu is what you say when someone makes a fair point.

Voir keeps voi- in the singular present and in the third person plural (je vois, tu vois, il voit, ils voient) and switches to voy- for nous voyons and vous voyez. The imparfait uses voy- throughout, which produces the awkward two-vowel spellings nous voyions and vous voyiez. The future and conditional are built on verr- with a double r (je verrai, je verrais) — nothing in the infinitive predicts it. The subjunctive is que je voie, que nous voyions, so the nous form is written the same in the imparfait and the subjunctive. The past participle is vu.

Voir takes avoir: j'ai vu. The participle agrees with a direct object placed before the verb, which is common with this verb because of object pronouns: je l'ai vue hier, les films que j'ai vus.

Voir in context

Présent
D'ici, on voit toute la baie.
From here you can see the whole bay.
Imparfait
Avant, nous voyions nos voisins tous les jours.
We used to see our neighbours every day.
Passé composé
Tu as vu le message de Julie ?
Did you see Julie's message?
Futur simple
Je verrai le médecin lundi matin.
I'm seeing the doctor on Monday morning.
Subjonctif présent
Il faut qu'elle voie un spécialiste.
She needs to see a specialist.

Common mistakes with voir

Writing the conditional where you mean the future

✗ Je verrais le médecin lundi.

✓ Je verrai le médecin lundi. — I'm seeing the doctor on Monday.

Je verrai is the future, je verrais the conditional. With voir the conditional is common in polite or hypothetical sentences (je verrais bien un canapé ici), so both spellings look plausible and only the meaning of the sentence tells you which one belongs.

Regularising the past participle

✗ J'ai voyé ce film deux fois.

✓ J'ai vu ce film deux fois. — I've seen this film twice.

The voy- stem belongs to the present plural and the imparfait, not to the participle. Voir has the short irregular participle vu, like boire has bu and lire has lu.

Using voir for watching something

✗ Le soir, je vois la télé.

✓ Le soir, je regarde la télé. — In the evening I watch TV.

Voir is passive perception: the image reaches your eyes. Regarder is deliberate attention. You voir a film in the sense of having seen it, but you regarder the television, a match or someone walking past.

Expressions with voir

on verra
we'll see
ça se voit
it shows, it's obvious
rien à voir
nothing to do with it
voir grand
to think big
aller voir quelqu'un
to go and see someone

Frequently asked questions

Is voir an irregular verb?
Yes, it is a third-group verb with two present stems (voi- and voy-) and a future stem, verr-, that shares nothing with the infinitive. Its participle vu is irregular as well. The endings are the standard ones, so the work is in learning which stem attaches to which tense.
What is the past participle of voir?
It is vu. After avoir it agrees with a direct object that comes before the verb, which is frequent with pronouns: je l'ai vu for a man, je l'ai vue for a woman, je les ai vus for a group. The endings are silent, so this is a writing issue rather than a speaking one.
Why is the future je verrai and not je voirai?
Because voir's future stem was worn down over centuries of use into verr-, with a double r that is genuinely pronounced longer than a single one in careful speech. The conditional uses the same stem: je verrais. A small group of verbs shares this doubled-r future, including pouvoir (je pourrai), courir (je courrai), mourir (je mourrai) and envoyer (j'enverrai).
What is the difference between voir and regarder?
Voir is what your eyes register without effort: je vois quelqu'un dans le jardin. Regarder is choosing to look: je regarde par la fenêtre. English blurs this with “see” and “look,” so the rule of thumb is that if you could add “deliberately,” the verb is regarder.
How do you pronounce vois, voit and voient?
All three sound the same, like the French word voix, because the final s, t and -ent are silent. Nous voyons and vous voyez add a y sound in the middle. The double r in je verrai is the only place in the paradigm where the pronunciation clearly changes.